Special projects with small and large independent oil and gas companies operating in the Appalachian, San Juan, Green River, Washakie, Piceance, and Louisiana Gulf Coast led to the following results:

• Large hydrocarbon and hydrogen sulfide gas seeps found to be linked to selected production intervals in producing CBM wells closest to a coal outcrop.   Report to regulatory agencies.  Shut-in selected wells and drill relief wells to mitigate.

• Produced water quality data, temperature gradients, and potentiometric data used together to identify cross flow between water producing sands and coal bed gas reservoirs.  Some fields abandoned because coal seams unconfined and cross flow was naturally occurring.  In other fields ,modified completion practices.

• Produced gas and water data used to identify a significant but vertically isolated source of unwanted CO2 in produced gas stream.  Modify drilling and completion practices. 

• Temporal sampling and analytical techniques used to identify extraneous fluid sources in a well.  Squeezed zone.

• Temporal sampling and analytical techniques developed to identify multiple gas source contributions  in large completion intervals.  Variable gas quality used to eliminate produced gases as potential sources for Bradenhead gases.

• Analyze produced water to determine source of high TDS brines.  Company revises completion practices.

• Analyze and map gas and water quality data to identify sources of produced gas souring.  Modified drilling and completion practices.